If a grade change is necessary after a posting window closes, you need to put in a grade change request form. Once a grade change is processed, the grade is changed on the transcript (the only place where a grade change is relevant), and this change is then reflected in the appropriate POSTING column in the gradebook.
Changing any grade other than the TRANSCRIPT/POSTING columns for a past grading period has no effect on computed grades. A final grade, as an example, takes the values across the applicable term POSTING columns in the gradebook, after which even the final grade POSTING column can be manually adjusted before posting to the transcript, but ultimately the other NON POSTING COLUMN grades in the gradebook are really for posterity/reference, as opposed to averaging, once a posting period has closed.
If you ever have any question about what grade has been posted or changed by a grade request, look at the student transcript column for the grade in question. If the school year for a change request has not ended, a requested grade change will also be reflected in the appropriate posting column in the gradebook.
Note: Because posting columns can be manually changed after the “update posting column” process, gradebook averages in the gradebook for quarters, final grades, etc., will NOT NECESSARILY match POSTING COLUMNS if a posting column has been manually changed by a teacher or administrator. If a posting column value has been changed manually, it should show a red exclamation mark. Many post column grades will change as part of the -10 attendance policy. There is a comment code (93) added for -10 policy situations.